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Here is one hand is a philosophical argument created by George Edward Moore against philosophical skepticism and in support of common sense. The argument takes the form: * Here is one hand, * And here is another. * There are at least two external objects in the world. * Therefore, an external world exists. ==Introduction== G. E. Moore wrote ''A Defence of Common Sense'' and ''Proof of an External World''. He posed skeptical hypotheses, such as "you may be dreaming" or "the world is 5 minutes old", creating a situation where it is not possible to know that anything in the world exists. These hypotheses take the following form: ;The skeptical argument Where S is a subject, sp is a skeptical possibility, such as the brain in a vat hypothesis, and q is a knowledge claim about the world: : * If S doesn't know that not-sp, then S doesn't know that q : * S doesn't know that not-sp : * Therefore, S doesn't know that q ;Moore's response : * If S doesn't know that not-sp, then S doesn't know that q : * S knows that q : * Therefore, S knows that not-sp Moore does not attack the skeptical premise; instead, he reverses the argument from being in the form of modus ponens to modus tollens. This logical maneuver is often called a G. E. Moore shift or a Moorean shift.〔("G. E. Moore," Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「here is one hand」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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